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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Clin Cases. Jan 21, 2022; 10(3): 777-789
Published online Jan 21, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i3.777
Table 1 Etiopathogenesis and prevalence of anemia in cirrhosis
Type of anemia
Etiology
Prevalence (%)
Ref.
NormocyticAnemia of chronic disease40-51.4Singh et al[7], Özatli et al[56]
MicrocyticAcute blood loss (variceal hemorrhage)5-15/yr; Increasing risk with severity of liver dysfunction and red wale marks on varicesSingh et al[7], European Association for the Study of the Liver[45]
Portal hypertensive gastropathy20-80Gkamprela et al[37]
Gastric antral vascular ectasia4Selinger and Ang[57]
Peptic ulcer35-53Singh et al[7], Loperfido et al[58]
Hemolytic anemia in patients on interferon and ribavirin9-13Gonzalez-Casas et al[3]
Hemolytic anemia due to hypersplenism24Özatli et al[56]
Macrocytic anemiaFolic acid (Vit B9) deficiency44Herbert et al[59]
Vit B12 (cyanocobalamin) deficiency31.8 in PBC; 43 in NAFLDSingh et al[7], Sharma and Jahnavi[60], Shizuma[61]