Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in comparison to infliximab for Crohn's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Subgroup analysis

Outcomes of interest	Subgroup analysis
	Grouping criteria	Categories	Studies, n	Patients, n	OR	95%CI	I2, %	P value
Induction of response	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	3	727	1.17	(0.80-1.70)	0	0.41
		Non-naïve	3	313	1.44	(0.55-3.78)	47	0.46
	Use optimization	Yes	5	1040	1.27	(0.93-1.74)	0	0.14
		No	0	0	-	-	-	-
Induction of remission	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	2	392	1.08	(0.68-0.72)	0	0.75
		Non-naïve	2	420	1.15	(0.67-1.96)	0	0.62
	Use optimization	Yes	3	731	1.08	(0.76-1.55)	0	0.66
		No	1	81	1.69	(0.34-8.44)	-	0.52
Maintenance of response	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	5	1468	1.08	(0.72-1.62)	63	0.71
		Non-naïve	3	354	1.10	(0.64-1.90)	0	0.73
	Use optimization	Yes	6	1645	1.12	(0.77-1.63)	62	0.57
		No	1	177	0.64	(0.18-2.29)	-	0.50
Maintenance of remission	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	3	442	1.39	(0.92-2.11)	0	0.12
		Non-naïve	3	328	1.24	(0.56-2.72)	53	0.59
	Use optimization	Yes	3	458	1.41	(0.95-2.09)	0	0.09
		No	3	312	1.18	(0.46-2.99)	55	0.73
Secondary loss of response	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	3	353	1.09	(0.54-2.18)	42	0.81
		Non-naïve	3	947	0.91	(0.46-1.80)	72	0.78
	Use optimization	Yes	5	1247	1.07	(0.69-1.67)	56	0.75
		No	1	53	0.48	(0.13-1.68)	54	0.99
Overall adverse events	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	5	1184	0.67	(0.50-0.89)	1	0.005
		Non-naïve	4	469	0.41	(0.31-1.31)	79	0.13
	Assessment time	≤ 48 wk	6	1323	0.50	(0.33-0.76)	41	0.001
		> 48 wk	2	330	1.00	(0.62-1.60)	0	0.98
Severe adverse events	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	3	1021	0.88	(0.40-1.92)	73	0.74
		Non-naïve	4	526	0.45	(0.03-6.51)	81	0.56
	Assessment time	≤ 48 wk	4	746	1.32	(0.80-2.19)	0	0.28
		> 48 wk	3	801	0.52	(0.09-3.05)	80	0.47
Opportunistic infections	Anti-TNF naivety	Naïve	4	1654	0.78	(0.54-1.14)	0	0.21
		Non-naïve	2	256	1.88	(0.93-3.82)	0	0.08
	Assessment time	≤ 48 wk	3	782	0.85	(0.56-1.28)	0	0.43
		> 48 wk	3	1128	1.12	(0.38-3.24)	57	0.84

anti-TNF: Anti-tumor necrosis factor; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.