Impact of preoperative carbohydrate loading on gastric volume in patients with type 2 diabetes

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included patients

Variables	Control	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	χ2	F	P value
ASA grade (II/III)	18/2	18/1	18/2	17/2			1.000
Gender (M/F)	12/8	10/9	8/12	12/7	2.83		0.422
Age (yr)	62.0 ± 8.8	65.6 ± 9.5	57.4 ± 9.6	62.1 ± 10.9		1.79	0.209
BMI (kg/m2)	23.8 ± 2.3	24.3 ± 3.2	23.9 ± 2.0	25.3 ± 3.1		0.91	0.443
Height (cm)	162.5 ± 7.8	163.1 ± 6.9	165.1 ± 6.1	164.1 ± 7.4		0.39	0.759
Weight (kg)	63.5 ± 11.3	64.5 ± 8.2	65.5 ± 9.9	68.1 ± 9.9		0.60	0.623
Course of disease (yr)	9.50 ± 4.26	9.42 ± 3.91	9.15 ± 4.34	8.74 ± 4.25		0.13	0.942
HbA1c (%)	7.34 ± 0.37	7.34 ± 0.50	7.49 ± 0.46	7.46 ± 0.56		0.53	0.663
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	7.35 ± 2.13	7.08 ± 1.21	6.95 ± 0.80	6.56 ± 1.20		1.03	0.386
Control of blood glucose (oral/injection of insulin)	16/4	14/5	16/4	17/2	1.76		0.568

ASA: American society of anesthesiology; BMI: Body mass index; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c.