Alterations in blink and masseter reflex latencies in older adults with neurocognitive disorder and/or diabetes mellitus

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.177

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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World J Clin Cases. Jan 7, 2022; 10(1): 177-188
Published online Jan 7, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.177

Table 1 Demographic and clinical data by study group

Items	Total (n = 227)	Control (n = 122)	T2DM (n = 58)	ND (n = 21)	ND plus T2DM (n = 26)
Age, yr	72.1 ± 8.4	70.0 ± 6.9	70.8 ± 7.7	80.4 ± 11.3	77.9 ± 7.5^b
Women	168 (74.0% )	93 (76.2%)	40 (69.0%)	18 (85.7%)	17 (65.4%)
Neuropsy score	92.5 ± 26.2	104.2 ± 15.0	99.2 ± 18.1	56.0 ± 16.7	49.3 ± 19.3^b
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	121.5 ± 17.4	120.0 ± 17.8	125.0 ± 17.3	121.0 ± 12.3	120.9 ± 19.0
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	67.5 ± 8.0	67.5 ± 8.0	68.3 ± 8.4	66.6 ± 7.6	66.6 ± 7.5
Hypertension	102 (44.9%)	53 (43.4%)	37 (63.8%)	5 (23.8%)	7 (26.9%)^b
Illiterate	38 (16.7%)	18 (14.8%)	4 (6.9%)	7 (33.3%)	9 (34.6%)^b
Dependent	51 (22.5%)	16 (13.1)	13 (22.4%)	16 (76.2)	17 (65.4%)^b
Depression	51 (22.4%)	22 (18.0%)	14 (24.1%)	9 (42.8%)	6 (23.0%)
Glucose (mg/dL)	116.0 ± 40.9	101.4 ± 14.9	147.4 ± 62.5	98.5 ± 19.9	130.0 ± 34.9^b
Glycosylated hemoglobin (%)	5.5 ± 1.9	4.6 ± 0.8	7.0 ± 2.5	4.5 ± 1.3	6.2 ± 2.8^b
Glycosylated hemoglobin (mmol/L)	37 ± 21	27 ± 9	53 ± 27	26 ± 14	45 ± 24^b
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.0 ± 0.4	0.9 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.5	0.9 ± 0.2	1.2 ± 0.5^a
Glomerular filtration (< 90 mL/min/1.73 m²)	200 (88.1%)	104 (85.2%)	51 (87.9%)	19 (90.4%)	26 (100)

Values are presented as the mean and standard deviation; the rest of the data are presented as percentages.

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

P value, one-way ANOVA test or Chi-squared test. T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; ND: Neurocognitive disorder.

Citation: Bricio-Barrios JA, Ríos-Bracamontes E, Ríos-Silva M, Huerta M, Serrano-Moreno W, Barrios-Navarro JE, Ortiz GG, Huerta-Trujillo M, Guzmán-Esquivel J, Trujillo X. Alterations in blink and masseter reflex latencies in older adults with neurocognitive disorder and/or diabetes mellitus. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10(1): 177-188
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v10/i1/177.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.177