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Publication Name
World Journal of Nephrology
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2220-6124
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Nephrol. May 6, 2017; 6(3): 86-99
Published online May 6, 2017. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v6.i3.86
Table 6 Patient-related and contrast media-related risk factors for contrast-induced acute kidney injury
Patient-related risk factors
Pre-existing CKD
Diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy
Older age
Simultaneous use of nephrotoxic drugs
Multiple myeloma
States of reduced kidney perfusion
Dehydration
Congestive heart failure
Hemodynamic instability
Contrast-media related risk factors
High volume of CM
Use of hyperosmolal CM
Multiple exposure to CM in short-term
Intra-arterial administration
CKD: Chronic kidney disease; CM: Contrast media.
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