Hepatorenal syndrome: Update on diagnosis and treatment

Table 1 Diagnostic criteria for hepatorenal syndrome

Cirrhosis with ascites

Serum Creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL

Absence of shock

No improvement of serum creatinine (decrease to a level of 1.5 mg/dL or less) after at least 2 d of diuretic withdraw and volume expansion with albumin (The recommended dose of albumin is 1 g/kg of body weight per day up to a maximum of 100 g/d)

No current o recent exposure to nephrotoxic drugs

Absence of parenchymal disease as indicated by proteinuria > 500 mg/d, microscopic hematuria (50 red blood cells per high power field) and abnormal renal ultrasonography

HRS: Hepatorenal syndrome.