Update on hemolytic uremic syndrome: Diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations

Table 1 Classification of Hemolytic uremic syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and related disorders

Etiology identified	Etiology unknown
HUS infection-induced	HIV infection
(1) Shiga and shiga-like toxin producing bacteria, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli, Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (2) Streptococcus pneumoniae
HUS induced by disorders of complement regulation	Malignancy, cancer chemotherapy, ionizing radiation
(1) Genetic (2) Acquired
ADAMTS13 deficiency (1) Genetic (2) Acquired	Calcineurin inhibitors and transplantation
Defective cobalamin metabolism	Pregnancy, HELLP syndrome, contraceptive pill
	Systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome
	Glomerulopathy
	Drug induced

HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HELLP: Hemolysis elevated liver enzymes low platelets; HUS: Hemolytic uremic syndrome.