Lactulose vs Lactobacillus acidophilus for patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial

doi:10.5527/wjn.120870

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World Journal of Nephrology

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2220-6124

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Randomized Controlled Trial

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Nephrol. Sep 25, 2026; 15(3): 120870
Published online Sep 25, 2026. doi: 10.5527/wjn.120870

Table 7 Delta changes in renal functions after three months compared to baseline data, mean ± SD

	Lactulose group (n = 50)	LA group (n = 50)	Control group (n = 50)	P value	¹P value	²P value	³P value
Delta urea	-5 ± 2.45	-12.45 ± 3.01	-1.79 ± 3.01	0.03	0.04	0.33	0.02
Delta creatinine	-7.33 ± 2.88	-20.01 ± 3.45	-6.55 ± 2.44	< 0.001	0.03	0.11	0.01
Delata ACR	2.40 ± 0.86	3.50 ± 0.67	1.09 ± 0.55	0.57	0.45	0.09	0.21
Delta eGFR	8.66 ± 2.09	9.55 ± 2.22	6.67 ± 1.11	0.33	0.34	0.65	0.09

¹P: Lactulose group vs Lactobacillus acidophilus group.

²P: Lactulose group vs control group.

³P: Lactobacillus acidophilus group vs control group.

LA: Lactobacillus acidophilus; ACR: Albumin/creatinine ratio; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate.

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Citation: Mubarak AS, Elshazly A, Mokhtar A, Gadelkareem RA, Azoz NM. Lactulose vs Lactobacillus acidophilus for patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial. World J Nephrol 2026; 15(3): 120870
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6124/full/v15/i3/120870.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.120870

Mubarak AS, Elshazly A, Mokhtar A, Gadelkareem RA, Azoz NM. Lactulose vs Lactobacillus acidophilus for patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial. World J Nephrol 2026; 15(3): 120870 [DOI: 10.5527/wjn.120870]

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