Role of fibroblast growth factor-23 in renal disease activity and bone density involvement in patients with lupus nephritis

doi:10.5527/wjn.v15.i3.120318

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World Journal of Nephrology

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2220-6124

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Nephrol. Sep 25, 2026; 15(3): 120318
Published online Sep 25, 2026. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v15.i3.120318

Table 3 Radiological characteristics of the studied groups, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variables	Inactive LN group (n = 50)	Active LN group (n = 50)	P value
Renal echogenicity			0.04
Normal	42 (84)	26 (52)
Echogenic-I	4 (85)	12 (24)
Echogenic I/II	3 (6)	2 (4)
Echogenic-II	1 (2)	6 (12)
Echogenic-II/III	0	4 (8)
Chest radiograph			< 0.001
Normal findings	49 (98)	38 (76)
Pleural effusion	1 (2)	12 (24)
Echocardiography
Ejection fraction (%)	60.10 ± 10.57	63.24 ± 8.21	0.13
Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (cm)	5.26 ± 1.17	5.13 ± 0.99	0.56
Left ventricular end systolic diameter (cm)	3.50 ± 0.99	3.46 ± 0.73	0.18
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mmHg)	34.85 ± 11.93	32.91 ± 6.04	0.09
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction	3 (8.6)	4 (11.4)	0.40
Renal biopsy LN classes			< 0.001
Class-I	18 (36)	1 (2)
Class-II	28 (56)	9 (18)
Class-III	0	2 (4)
Class-IV	3 (6)	21 (42)
Class-V	1 (2)	17 (34)

LN: Lupus nephritis.

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Citation: Azoz NM, Ammar AA, Nafady HA, Gadelkareem RA, Abdel Aziz EM, Elzohne RA. Role of fibroblast growth factor-23 in renal disease activity and bone density involvement in patients with lupus nephritis. World J Nephrol 2026; 15(3): 120318
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6124/full/v15/i3/120318.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v15.i3.120318

Azoz NM, Ammar AA, Nafady HA, Gadelkareem RA, Abdel Aziz EM, Elzohne RA. Role of fibroblast growth factor-23 in renal disease activity and bone density involvement in patients with lupus nephritis. World J Nephrol 2026; 15(3): 120318 [DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v15.i3.120318]

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