Unilateral cutaneous ureterostomy with separate stomata vs ileal conduit after radical cystectomy

Table 2 Summary of perioperative complications (< 90 days), their grades, and management

Complication1	n (%)	Grade	Management
Rectal injury	1 (3.1)	3b	Intra-operative repair
Paralytic ileus	16 (50)	1; 2	Five patients underwent conservation; 11 patients required medications
Severe anemia	7 (21.9)	2	Blood transfusion
Lymphorrhea	5 (15.6)	1	Conservative management
Lymphocele	1 (3.1)	3a	Conservative management
Fecal fistula	3 (9.4)	3b	Re-exploration
Wound infection	22 (68.8)	1	Daily dressing with antiseptics
Burst abdomen	6 (18.8)	3b	Surgical re-closure
Pneumonia	1 (3.1)	2	Medical treatment
Early stent slippage	2 (6.3)	1; 3a	One patient had bilateral stent slippage POD 13 and underwent conservation (group B); one patient from group A showed left stent slippage POD 32, which was associated with a burst abdomen and fecal fistula, and underwent PCN insertion
Anastomotic urine leakage and intestinal obstruction	1 (3.1)	5	Death
Thromboembolism	2 (6.3)	4a; 5	One patient was entered in a vegetative state; one death
CVD	1 (3.1)	5	Heart failure and death
Fecal fistula and burst abdomen	3 (9.3)	5	Septicemia and death
Febrile UTI	1 (3.1)	5	Septicemia and death

¹Some patients experienced more than one complication.

CVD: Cardiovascular diseases; PCN: Percutaneous nephrostomy; POD: Postoperative day; UTI: Urinary tract infection.