Protective effects of cerium oxide on ibuprofen-induced renal injury in rats with ureteral obstruction

Table 2 Histopathological findings in the left (obstructed) kidney tissue according to groups (mean ± SEM)

	Group C (n = 6)	Group UO (n = 6)	Group UOI (n = 6)	Group UOCO (n = 6)	Group UOICO (n = 6)	1P value
Glomerular vacuolization	0.17 ± 0.17	1.33 ± 0.21a	1.50 ± 0.34a	0.67 ± 0.21b	1.00 ± 0.26a	0.005
Tubular dilatation	0.33 ± 0.21	1.67 ± 0.33a	1.83 ± 0.40a	1.00 ± 0.26	1.67 ± 0.33a	0.012
Vascular vacuolization and hypertrophy	0.33 ± 0.21	1.33 ± 0.21a	1.83 ± 0.40a	0.83 ± 0.17b	1.17 ± 0.40	0.019
Tubular cell degeneration and necrosis	0.33 ± 0.21	1.33 ± 0.21a	2.00 ± 0.37a	1.17 ± 0.40	1.17 ± 0.31	0.017
Bowman’s space dilatation	0.33 ± 0.21	1.67 ± 0.33a	1.83 ± 0.31a	1.17 ± 0.31	1.50 ± 0.43a	0.025
Tubular hyaline casts	0.33 ± 0.21	1.33 ± 0.33a	2.00 ± 0.36a	0.83 ± 0.31b	1.17 ± 0.17	0.006
Lymphocyte infiltration	0.33 ± 0.21	1.17 ± 0.31	1.83 ± 0.40a	1.17 ± 0.31	1.00 ± 0.26	0.033
Tubular cell desquamation	0.17 ± 0.17	1.00 ± 0.37a	2.00 ± 0.45a	0.83 ± 0.17b	1.00 ± 0.00a	0.002

¹P: Kruskal-Wallis test, significance set at P < 0.05.

^aP < 0.05 vs group C.

^bP < 0.05 vs group UOI.

C: Control; UO: Unilateral ureteral obstruction; UOI: Unilateral ureteral obstruction + ibuprofen; UOCO: Unilateral ureteral obstruction + CeO₂; UOICO: Unilateral ureteral obstruction + ibuprofen + CeO₂.