Urological and nursing-related predictors of unplanned hospital readmission after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A prospective cohort study

Table 3 Comparison of the preoperative clinical variables between the readmitted and non-readmitted groups of patients (n = 161), n (%)/mean ± SD

Variables	Readmitted (n = 36)	Non-readmitted (n = 125)	P value
Comorbidities
Hypertension	5 (13.9)	19 (15.2)	0.542
Diabetes mellitus	2 (5.6)	9 (7.2)	0.537
Chronic kidney disease	1 (2.8)	3 (2.4)	0.641
Nutrition and fluid assessment
Normal diet	27 (75)	100 (80)	0.331
Specific diet (diabetic, salt-free)	9 (25)	25 (20)
Average fluid intake (2-3 L/day)	28 (77.8)	102 (81.6)	0.383
Fluid intake > 3 L/day	8 (22.2)	23 (18.4)
Previous urological procedures
Endourologic surgery	4 (11.1)	23 (18.4)	0.222
Open surgery	13 (36.1)	36 (28.8)	0.260
ESWL	2 (5.6)	9 (7.2)	0.537
Laboratory investigations
Pus cells in urine analysis	29 (80.6)	58 (46.4)	0.001
Mean serum creatinine (mg/dL)	1.24 ± 0.8	1.12 ± 0.6	0.321
Mean hemoglobin level (g/dL)	13.14 ± 2.3	12.9 ± 2.2	0.557
Mean prothrombin time (second)	12.4 ± 0.8	12.2 ± 0.7	0.095
Preoperative findings in computed tomography
Mean stone size (cm)	2.64 ± 0.71	2.31 ± 0.68	0.012
Solitary kidney	4 (11.1)	5 (4)	0.114
Stone location
Right kidney	22 (61.1)	55 (44)	0.052
Left kidney	14 (38.9)	70 (56)
Preoperative hydronephrosis	26 (72.2)	48 (38.4)	0.001
Presence of preoperative JJ	8 (22.2)	23 (18.4)	0.383

¹χ² test used for qualitative data between the two groups and independent t-test used for quantitative data between the two groups.

ESWL: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy; JJ: Double-J stent.