Cardio-kidney-metabolic protective effects of semaglutide across the spectrum of chronic kidney disease

Table 1 Key characteristics and kidney endpoints from the Semaglutide Use to Stabilize and Improve Glycemic Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes, Evaluate Renal Function with Semaglutide Once Weekly, and Semaglutide Effects on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People with Overweight or Obesity trials of semaglutide

Trial	Population	Key inclusion criteria	Baseline characteristics	Semaglutide subcutaneous dose	Duration of follow-up	Kidney endpoints
SUSTAIN-6	3297 adults with T2D at high CV risk	T2D patients ≥ 50 years with established CV disease, CKD, or both	Mean age: 65.4 years- 64.5% male- HbA1c: 8.4%- Diabetes duration: 14.4 years- 83% with CV disease, CKD, or both	0.5 mg or 1.0 mg weekly	Median 2.1 years	New or worsening nephropathy: Macroalbuminuria, doubling of serum creatinine with eGFR ≤ 45, initiation of renal replacement, or renal death
FLOW	3534 adults with T2D and CKD	eGFR 25-75 + UACR 100-5000 mg/gOn stable RAAS blockade	Mean age: Approximately 65 years- 69.7% Male- Mean eGFR: Approximately 47 mL/min- Median UACR: Approximately 1000 mg/g	Up to 1.0 mg weekly	Median 3.4 years	Composite: Kidney failure (dialysis, transplant), sustained ≥ 50% decline in eGFR, or death from kidney/CV causes
SELECT	17604 adults with overweight/obesity & CV disease, no diabetes	Age ≥ 45, BMI ≥ 27, established CV disease, no diabetes	Mean age: Approximately 61 years- 72% male- Mean BMI: Approximately 33- 100% with CV disease	2.4 mg weekly	Median 3.5 years	Composite: ≥ 50% decline in eGFR, kidney failure, or kidney-related death

FLOW: Evaluate Renal Function with Semaglutide Once Weekly; SELECT: Semaglutide Effects on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People with Overweight or Obesity; SUSTAIN-6: Semaglutide Use to Stabilize and Improve Glycemic Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; ETD: Estimated treatment difference; CV: Cardiovascular; T2D: Type 2 diabetes; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; UACR: Urinary albumin-creatinine ratio.