Clinical course and outcome of adult patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with kidney function loss on presentation

Table 3 Comparison of main demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters among steroid-responsive and non-responsive adult patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with kidney function loss at presentation and treated with steroids, n = 81

Parameters	Steroid-responsive group, n = 29	Steroid non-responsive group, n = 52	P value
Age in years	32.9 ± 13.3	38.2 ± 15.2	0.123
Sex as male:female	3.8:1	2.1:1	0.251
Systolic BP in mmHg	132.1 ± 22.2	131.8 ± 18.6	0.946
Diastolic BP in mmHg	84.9 ± 13.2	87.5 ± 12.7	0.380
Initial protein in mg/24 hours	5161.9 ± 3615.2	5803.1 ± 3879.4	0.569
Serum albumin in g/dL	1.87 ± 1.06	2.05 ± 1.01	0.492
Serum creatinine in mg/dL	2.105 ± 1.81	2.20 ± 0.92	0.748
Estimated glomerular filtration rate on presentation in mL/minute/1.73 m2	43.2 ± 11.8	35.5 ± 11.2	0.006
Cumulative steroid dose in mg/kg	34.5 ± 32.1	48.4 ± 37.8	0.097
Duration of steroid use in weeks	22.8 ± 21.7	18.3 ± 7.9	0.180
Histopathological findings
Number of glomeruli	17.25 ± 6.78	16.67 ± 9.32	0.806
Number of glomeruli with global sclerosis	2.55 ± 1.64	3.63 ± 3.89	0.396
Number of glomeruli with segmental sclerosis	2.53 ± 1.64	4.37 ± 3.56	0.057
Tubular atrophy
Mild	5 (100)	4 (66.7)	0.455
Moderate	0 (0)	2 (33.3)
Fibrointimal thickening of arteries
Mild	22 (91.7)	17 (68)	0.074
Moderate	2 (8.3)	8 (32)
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis variants
Not otherwise specified	15 (51.7)	24 (46.2)	0.012
Tip	11 (37.9)	7 (13.5)
Collapsing	2 (6.9)	15 (28.8)
Hilar	1 (3.4)	0 (0)
Cellular	0 (0)	1 (1.9)
Unknown/unclassified	0 (0)	5 (9.6)

Data are n (%). BP: Blood pressure.