Antihypertensive prescribing patterns in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease: Findings from the Salford Kidney Study

Table 5 Number of patients prescribed with each antihypertensive class at baseline, organized by categories according to the prevalence of congestive cardiac failure and other cardiovascular events at baseline

Antihypertensive class	CCF, n = 5561	No CCF, n = 26741	P value1	CVE, n = 18291	No CVE, n = 14011	P value1
None	22 (4.0)	306 (11.4)	< 0.001	72 (5.1)	256 (14.0)	< 0.001
Diuretic (thiazide and loop)	381 (68.4)	1144 (42.8)	< 0.001	818 (58.4)	707 (38.7)	< 0.001
CCB (dihydropyridine)	192 (34.5)	1064 (39.8)	0.021	561 (40.0)	695 (38.0)	0.238
CCB (non-dihydropyridine)	32 (5.8)	102 (3.8)	0.037	92 (6.6)	42 (2.3)	< 0.001
Beta blocker	248 (44.6)	859 (32.1)	< 0.001	621 (44.3)	486 (26.6)	< 0.001
Alpha blocker	140 (25.2)	639 (23.9)	0.520	385 (27.5)	394 (21.7)	< 0.001
Central agent	29 (5.2)	121 (4.5)	0.481	73 (5.2)	77 (4.2)	0.180
Vasodilator	4 (0.7)	26 (1.0)	0.572	17 (1.2)	13 (0.7)	0.140
RAS blocker	360 (64.7)	1623 (60.7)	0.074	839 (42.3)	1144 (57.7)	0.124
Dual RAS blockers	24 (4.3)	163 (6.1)	0.102	70 (37.4)	117 (62.6)	0.091
Spironolactone/eplerenone	56 (10.1)	56 (2.1)	< 0.001	80 (5.7)	32 (1.7)	< 0.001

¹Absolute number for frequencies (percentages). The P values were calculated by the χ² test.

CCB: Calcium channel blocker; CCF: Congestive cardiac failure; CVE: Cardiovascular events; RAS: Renin angiotensin system.