Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Virology. May 12, 2015; 4(2): 56-77
Published online May 12, 2015. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v4.i2.56
Table 2 Antiretroviral drugs: Impact on lipid and glucose metabolism
Antiretroviral classDrugEffects on lipidsEffects on glucose
NRTIsAbacavir (ABC)↑ DyslipidemiaNo effect
Didanozine (ddl)↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Emtricitabine (FTC)↑ DyslipidemiaNo effect
Lamivudine (3TC)↑ DyslipidemiaNo effect
Stavudine (d4T)↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Tenofovir (TDF)↑ DyslipidemiaNo effect
Zidovudine (AZT)↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
NNRTIsEfavirenz (EFV)↑↑ HDL, ↑ DyslipidemiaNo effect
Etravirine (ETR)Neutral effectsNo effect
Nevirapine (NVP)↑↑ HDL, ↑LDL
Rilpivirine (RPV)Neutral effect
PIsAmprenavir/ritonavir↑↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Atazanavir/ritonavir↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Darunavir/ritonavir↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Fosamprenavir/ritonavir↑↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Indinavir↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Lopinavir/ritonavir↑↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Nelfinavir↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Saquinavir↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Tipranavir/ritonavir↑↑↑ DyslipidemiaInsulin resistance
Fusion inhibitorsEnfuvirtide, T-20Neutral effectNo effect
InSTIsDolutegravir (DTG)Neutral effectNo effect
Elvitegravir (EVG)Neutral effectNo effect
Raltegravir (RAL)Neutral effectNo effect
Entry inhibitorsSelzentryNeutral effectNo effect