Hantavirus infections: A growing global health concern

Table 2 Classification and geographic distribution of major hantaviruses

Virus name (orthohantavirus)	Primary reservoir host	Geographic distribution	Associated disease	Approximate case fatality rate	Human-to-human transmission
HTNV	Apodemus agrarius (Striped field mouse)	China, Korea, Russia	HFRS	5%-12%	No
PUUV	Myodes glareolus (Bank vole)	Northern and Central Europe	HFRS/nephropathia epidemica	< 1%	No
SEOV	Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus	Worldwide (Urban areas)	HFRS	~ 1%	No
DOBV	Apodemus flavicollis	Balkans, Eastern Europe	Severe HFRS	Up to 10%	No
SNV	Peromyscus maniculatus (Deer mouse)	North America (United States, Canada)	HPS	30%-40%	No
ANDV	Oligoryzomys longicaudatus	Argentina, Chile	HPS	35%-50%	Yes (documented)
BCCV	Sigmodon hispidus (Cotton rat)	Southeastern United States	HPS	~ 30%	No
BAYV	Oryzomys palustris (Marsh rice rat)	Southern United States	HPS	Variable	No
LANV	Calomys laucha	Paraguay, Bolivia	HPS	~ 20%-30%	No
PHV	Microtus pennsylvanicus (Vole)	North America	Non-pathogenic	Not applicable	No

HTNV: Hantaan virus; PUUV: Puumala virus; SEOV: Seoul virus; DOBV: Dobrava-Belgrade virus; SNV: Sin Nombre virus; ANDV: Andes virus; BCCV: Black Creek Canal virus; BAYV: Bayou virus; LANV: Laguna Negra virus; PHV: Prospect Hill virus; HFRS: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; HPS: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.