Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Virol. Jun 25, 2026; 15(2): 120027
Published online Jun 25, 2026. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i2.120027
Published online Jun 25, 2026. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i2.120027
Figure 3 Human immunodeficiency virus-related mechanisms and their roles in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver dis ease/metabolic dysfunction-associated alcohol-related liver disease.
The images were created using BioRender (Supplementary material). HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; NRTI: Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; INSTI: Integrase strand transfer inhibitor; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; PAMP: Pathogen-associated molecular pattern; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; MetALD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated alcohol-related liver disease; TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4; IL: Interleukin; PLHW: People living with human immunodeficiency virus; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; CYP2E1: Cy tochrome P450 2E1.
- Citation: Bandara D, Joshi K, Singh C, Sohal A, Al-Qaisi M, Najafian N. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated alcohol-related liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus. World J Virol 2026; 15(2): 120027
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v15/i2/120027.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v15.i2.120027