Understanding machupo virus: A neglected arenavirus with global health importance

doi:10.5501/wjv.v15.i2.119515

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World Journal of Virology

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2220-3249

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Virol. Jun 25, 2026; 15(2): 119515
Published online Jun 25, 2026. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i2.119515

Table 1 Genome segments, viral proteins, and functional interactions of Machupo virus

Genome segment	Viral protein	Primary role	Key functional interactions
L segment (approximately 7.2 kb)	L (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase)	Viral genome replication and transcription	Associates with NP to form RNP complex; mediates cap-snatching during mRNA synthesis
L segment (approximately 7.2 kb)	Z (matrix protein)	Virion assembly, budding, and regulation of replication	Interacts with L and NP; modulates host translation and virion release
S segment (approximately 3.5 kb)	NP (nucleoprotein)	RNA encapsidation and nucleocapsid formation	Binds viral RNA; suppresses interferon pathways; stabilizes RNP structure
S segment (approximately 3.5 kb)	GPC → GP1 + GP2	Host cell entry and membrane fusion	GP1 binds TfR1 receptor; GP2 drives low-pH-dependent fusion in endosomes

RNP: Ribonucleoprotein; NP: Nucleoprotein; TfR1: Transferrin receptor 1; GPC: Glycoprotein precursor complex; GP: Glycoprotein precursor.

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Citation: Uppala PK, Karanam SK, Kandra NV, Edhi S. Understanding machupo virus: A neglected arenavirus with global health importance. World J Virol 2026; 15(2): 119515
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v15/i2/119515.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v15.i2.119515

Uppala PK, Karanam SK, Kandra NV, Edhi S. Understanding machupo virus: A neglected arenavirus with global health importance. World J Virol 2026; 15(2): 119515 [PMID: 42395044 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i2.119515]

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