Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines: Advances, challenges and future perspectives

doi:10.5501/wjv.v15.i1.116055

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World Journal of Virology

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2220-3249

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Virol. Mar 25, 2026; 15(1): 116055
Published online Mar 25, 2026. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i1.116055

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Figure 2 From elite neutralisers, B-cells producing broad neutralising antibodies are isolated, and antibody genes are extracted and cloned into expression vectors for production. Applications include: (1) Passive immunisation via bnAb infusions for immediate viral control; (2) Germline targeting vaccines designed to activate bnAb precursor B-cells; and (3) Gene therapy delivering bnAb genes for long-term endogenous production.

Citation: Varatharajan S, Krishnasai S, Girish C. Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines: Advances, challenges and future perspectives. World J Virol 2026; 15(1): 116055
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v15/i1/116055.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v15.i1.116055

Varatharajan S, Krishnasai S, Girish C. Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines: Advances, challenges and future perspectives. World J Virol 2026; 15(1): 116055 [PMID: 41884456 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i1.116055]

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