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Observational Study
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Virol. Dec 25, 2025; 14(4): 110951
Published online Dec 25, 2025. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i4.110951
Table 2 Treatment adherence indices
Affordability (alpha: 0.80)Cost of blood tests and ultrasounds
Cost of doctor visits every 6 months
Cost of medication to control my hepatitis B
Lack of health insurance or a prescription plan
Service Acceptability (alpha: 0.71)Finding a doctor who knows how to manage my hepatitis B
Going for medical check-ups every 6 months
Individual functioning (physical, psychological, emotional)
Physical (alpha: 0.72)I feel tired a lot (for example, more tired than other people I know)
I feel less productive
Because of my hepatitis B, managing fatigue is a challenge
Psychological (alpha: 0.83)I worry that my relationships with family and friends are negatively affected
I worry that my ability to do my job is negatively affected
I worry that I will transmit the virus to someone else
I fear that I will face discrimination (for example, lose my job or not get accepted into a school)
I fear that I could develop liver cancer
I fear that I will live a shorter life
Emotional (alpha: 0.74)I feel shame
I feel like avoiding others
I feel that others avoid me
I feel life is less enjoyable
Not wanting to take a pill every day because it reminds me of my chronic condition


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