Pre-hospital proton pump inhibitor use and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective case-control study

doi:10.5501/wjv.v14.i3.109170

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World Journal of Virology

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2220-3249

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Virol. Sep 25, 2025; 14(3): 109170
Published online Sep 25, 2025. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i3.109170

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Figure 3 Proposed mechanistic pathways of proton pump inhibitors in coronavirus disease 2019: Illustration hypothesizing the potential biological effects of chronic proton pump inhibitor use in coronavirus disease 2019. Mechanisms include reduction of lysosomal acidification, attenuation of inflammatory cytokine release, mitigation of pulmonary oxidative stress, and enhancement of antiviral drug activity, ultimately leading to decreased disease severity. PPI: Proton pump inhibitors; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019.

Citation: Shanmugavel Geetha H, Prabhu S, Suresh MG, Abraham GM, Sekar A, Mohamed S, Sekar A, Hatwal J, Sohal A, Batta A. Pre-hospital proton pump inhibitor use and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective case-control study. World J Virol 2025; 14(3): 109170
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3249/full/v14/i3/109170.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v14.i3.109170

Shanmugavel Geetha H, Prabhu S, Suresh MG, Abraham GM, Sekar A, Mohamed S, Sekar A, Hatwal J, Sohal A, Batta A. Pre-hospital proton pump inhibitor use and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective case-control study. World J Virol 2025; 14(3): 109170 [PMID: 41025083 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i3.109170]

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