Risk of COVID-19 infection among frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Table 1 Characteristics of the healthcare workers at baseline, n (%)

Characteristic	High-risk areas (n = 366)	Low-risk areas (n = 82)
Age, mean (SD) years	31.7 (8.3)	39.9 (10.4)
Gender, male sex	201 (54.9)	32 (39.1)
Comorbidities
Presence of at least one co-morbid illness	49 (13.4)	49 (13.4)
Diabetes mellitus	17 (4.6)	8 (9.7)
Hypertension	14 (3.8)	10 (12.2)
Obstructive airway disease	31 (8.5)	9 (10.9)
Duration of work in COVID-19 areas, mean (SD) months1	13 (4.6)	1.8 (1.2)
Vaccination details2
Vaccinated against (COVID-19)2	325 (88.8)	77 (93.9)
Received two doses	288 (78.7)	65 (79.3)
Received one dose	37 (10.1)	12 (14.6)
Unvaccinated	41 (11.2)	5 (6.1)
Type of vaccine
COVISHIELD™	306 (94.2)	69 (84.4)
COVAXIN™	18 (5.5)	8 (10.4)
Sputnik V	1 (0.3)	0 (0)

¹In the low-risk areas, healthcare workers were requested to work in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wards during the peak of the 2^nd wave when the health system was overwhelmed with a large number of patients. However, there was a significant (P < 0.001) difference of 11.3 months between the two groups: 95%CI: 10.3-12.3 months.

²Vaccination for COVID-19 started in India for healthcare workers on January 16^th, 2021 (7 months after the study started), and the status is given as of August 31^st, 2021.

All values are expressed as numbers (n) and percentages unless specified otherwise. COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019.