Microbiome, dysbiosis and use of probiotics in various diseases

Table 1 Use and effects of probiotics in various diseases

Disease	Probiotics	Dose/duration	Conclusion	Ref.
Ulcerative colitis	L. reuteri +meselazin	1010/8 weeks	Increase in remission, improvement in clinical, histologic and endoscopic scores	Oliva et al[23]
Crohn's disease	LGG	2 × 1010/2 years	Ineffective	Bousvaros et al[25]
Atopic dermatitis	Various (LGG/LGG + L.reuteri)/(rhamnosus + Bifidobacterium lactis)	Variable	Improvement in Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis	Michail et al[57]
Allergic rhinitis	Various	Variable	Improvement in nasal symptoms and eye symptoms, improved quality of life	Chen et al[61]
Asthma	L. reuteri	108/2 months	Decreased FeNO and IL-2, increased IL-10	Miraglia Del Giudice et al[63]
Autism	VSL 3	Not known	Alleviation of autism symptoms	Grossi et al[74]

IL: Interleukin; LGG: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; L. reuteri: Limosilactobacillus reuteri.