Influence of substance use on rising hepatitis A hospitalizations in the United States: A decade-long comparative study

Table 3 Predictors of inpatient mortality for substance use in hospitalisations for hepatitis A in the United States from 2011-2020

Predictors of inpatient mortality	Adjusted odds ratio	95%CI	P value
Female	0.99	0.78-1.25	0.945
Race
Black	0.46	0.26-0.78	0.004
Hispanic	1.39	0.93-2.08	0.108
Asian or Pacific Islander	1.24	0.60-2.56	0.555
Native Americans	0.63	0.27-1.42	0.268
Elixhauser comorbidity index	2.43	1.80-3.26	0.000
Hospital region
Midwest	0.49	0.31-0.74	0.001
South	0.81	0.57-1.13	0.225
West	0.77	0.50-1.18	0.231
Hospital Bed-size
Medium	0.48	0.32-0.71	0.000
Large	0.61	0.43-0.83	0.002
Hospital location and teaching status
Urban non-teaching	1.36	0.84-2.18	0.211
Urban teaching	0.79	0.50-1.23	0.306
Comorbidities
Diabetes mellitus	0.72	0.53-0.97	0.034
Depression	1.31	0.98-1.75	0.065
Hypertension	1.42	1.10-1.82	0.007
Metaphase I	2.14	1.28-3.54	0.003
Cardiomyopathy	0.87	0.47-1.59	0.650
congestive heart failure	1.69	1.14-2.48	0.008
Afib	1.42	0.91-2.21	0.117
Dyslipidemia	0.67	0.49-0.90	0.010
Acquired anemia	1.03	0.79-1.32	0.821
Peripheral arterial disease	1.98	1.36-2.86	0.000
Chronic kidney disease	0.99	0.70-1.41	0.978
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	0.69	0.49-0.97	0.038
Malnutrition	1.07	0.72-1.56	0.736
Sepsis	5.10	3.61-7.20	0.000
Acute liver failure	6.22	4.88-7.91	0.000
acute kidney injury	2.78	2.11-3.64	0.000
Acute respiratory failure	30.02	22.9-39.2	0.000