Hepatic manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 infection: Clinical and laboratory perspective

Table 1 Major clinical manifestations and laboratory abnormalities in coronavirus disease 2019

Signs/symptoms
Systemic and respiratory system manifestations
Fever, cough, malaise, dyspnea, fatigue, sputum
Cardiovascular system manifestations
Heart failure, arrhythmia, shock, tight chest, acute myocarditis
Gastrointestinal manifestations
Anorexia, diarrhea, loss of appetite, loss of taste, gastrointestinal bleeding, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, mild pancreatitis, mild colitis
Hepatobiliary manifestations
Abnormal liver function tests, jaundice, hypoalbuminemia, new-onset decompensation, acute-on-chronic liver failure, cholangiopathy, acalculous cholecystitis
Kidney manifestations
Acute kidney injury, proteinuria, hematuria
Neurological manifestations
Dizziness, headache, skeletal muscle injury, acute cerebrovascular disease, seizures