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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Transplant. Jun 28, 2018; 8(3): 61-67
Published online Jun 28, 2018. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v8.i3.61
Table 3 Dynamic evaluation of fluid status in comparison to conventional approach
AuthorPatients No.Study groupConclusion
Berkenstadt et al[21], 200115Patients undergoing brain surgerySVV could predict fluid responsiveness to even a small volume loading of 100 mL of 6% hydroxyethyl starch given for two minutes; There was no correlation between the changes in SV and the values of the CVP and heart rate before or after loading
Rex et al[22], 200414Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patientsThe dynamic index SVV allowed real-time monitoring of left ventricular preload. Moreover, it allowed assessing the haemodynamic effect of a fluid challenge; Other preload variables (i.e., PAOP, CVP, LVEDAI and ITBI) failed to predict fluid responsiveness
Preisman et al[23], 200518Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patientsFunctional haemodynamic indices were superior to static indicators of cardiac preload in predicting fluid responsiveness; Use of CVP for the evaluation of intravascular volume status, have been found to lack any predictive value
Hofer et al[24], 200540CABG patientsStroke volume index was significantly correlated with SVV (P < 0.001) and PPV (P < 0.001) only; While CVP failed to have a significant correlation (P = 0.235)
Wiesenack et al[25], 200520CABG patientsStroke volume index correlated significantly with SVV and PPV derived from pulse contour analysis (P < 0.05) but not with CVP or pulmonary artery wedge pressure
Cannesson et al[26], 200618CABG patientsLeft ventricular stroke area measured by transoesophageal echocardiographic automated border detection is not only sensitive to changes in preload but also, can quantify the effects of volume expansion on cardiac output; The difference in CVP reading did not reach statistical significance in the study groups
Lee et al[27], 200720Neurosurgical patientsCorrected flow time by oesophageal Doppler and PPV are better than CVP and LVEDAI in predicting fluid responsiveness
Cannesson et al[28], 200725CABG patientsΔPOP can predict response to volume expansion as well as quantify the effects of volume expansion on hemodynamic parameters during cardiac surgery; There was no statistically significant relation between CVP and increase in cardiac index after volume expansion
Belloni et al[29], 200819CABG patientsTheir results confirm the ability of SVV (P = 0.0005) and PPV (P = 0.001) to predict fluid responsiveness in ventilated patients during cardiac surgery No significant differences were found in mean LVEDA and CVP before and after fluid administration
Biais et al[30], 200835Postoperative period of liver transplantationSVV and PPV measurement by arterial waveform analysis can be used to predict the effects of volume expansion in mechanically ventilated patients after liver transplantation; The failure of CVP and PAOP to predict fluid responsiveness agrees with increasing evidence that static preload indicators are not suitable for functional haemodynamic monitoring
Hofer et al[31], 200840CABG patientsConventional static preload parameters failed to reflect the fluid status or to predict fluid responsiveness. CVP is therefore unsuitable for predicting ventricular response to fluid loading; SVV measured by the FloTrac™/Vigileo™ and the PiCCOplus™ systems exhibited similar performances regarding predicting fluid responsiveness
de Waal et al[32], 200918CABG patientsSVV of > 8% can predict fluid responsiveness with 100% sensitivity and 78% specificity, while PPV ≥ 10% can identify fluid-responders with 64% sensitivity and 100% specificity; CVP readings were not better in predicting fluid responsiveness than random chance
Cannesson et al[33], 200925CABG patientsSVV of 10% helped in discrimination of responders to volume expansion with an 82% sensitivity and 88% specificity; SVV may be a potential alternative to DeltaPP which is an accurate predictor of fluid responsiveness in ventilated patients; SVV was significantly a better predictor of fluid responsiveness than CVP and PCWP in this study
Zimmermann et al[34], 201020Elective major abdominal surgeryBoth SVV and PVI are valid indicators of fluid responsiveness in ventilated patients during major abdominal surgery; CVP did not adequately reflect circulating blood volume and failed to predict fluid responsiveness in this study
Desgranges et al[35], 201128CABG patientsPVI can predict fluid responsiveness during general anaesthesia whatever the site of measurement in the operating room (the finger, the ear, and the forehead); PCWP and CVP showed no significant difference between responders and non-responders
Shin et al[36], 201133Elective living donor liver transplantationFemoral SVV > 8% can predict responders to fluid loading with a specificity of 80% and a sensitivity of 89%; CVP and PAOP did not correlate with the changes in the cardiac index that occurred with a fluid challenge
Broch et al[37], 201181CABG patientsSVV (P = 0.002) and PPV (P < 0.0001) were found to be reliable indicators for fluid responsiveness unlike CVP (P = 0.13) that failed to predict it; PVI ability to predict fluid responsiveness is limited in the presence of low perfusion indices
Cannesson et al[38], 2011413Multicentre study of different abdominal and cardiac surgeriesPPV [AUC 0.89 (0.86; 0.92)] is superior to CVP [AUC 0.57 (0.54; 0.59)] in prediction of fluid responsiveness (P < 0.001)
Yazigi et al[39], 201260CABG patients older than 70 yrPPV is a reliable predictor of fluid responsiveness while CVP and PAOP were not better than a random chance in predicting the response to fluid; PPV reliability was not affected by the decreased arterial compliance and increased arterial stiffness related to aging
Bogović et al[40], 201724Major (abdominal or trauma) surgeryThe study stressed on the inability of CVP to provide a valid evaluation of the preload; SVV and PPV monitored by LiDCO™ were better alternatives for preload assessment