Immunologic clustering of donor-specific antibodies and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients

doi:10.5500/wjt.v16.i2.118450

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World Journal of Transplantation

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2220-3230

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Transplant. Jun 18, 2026; 16(2): 118450
Published online Jun 18, 2026. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v16.i2.118450

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Figure 3 UpSet plots illustrating antibody combination patterns across different risk groups and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. A: Patients from high- and intermediate-risk groups with adverse outcomes (acute rejection, graft loss, or mortality); B: Intermediate-risk group; C: High-risk group. The most frequent antibody combinations involve DR, DP, and DQ, with multiple unique multi-locus patterns, reflecting immunologic diversity among affected individuals. HLA loci are indicated as A: HLA-A, B: HLA-B, C: HLA-C. PCA: Principal component analysis.

Citation: Al-Qurashi SH, Khalil MAM, Mahmood HHK, Alsharif MM, Alqurashi YF, Alghamdi L, Al-Ghamdi RA, Alsaedi ZA, Cruz AJD, Aboasamh GA, Sadagah NM. Immunologic clustering of donor-specific antibodies and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. World J Transplant 2026; 16(2): 118450
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3230/full/v16/i2/118450.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v16.i2.118450

Al-Qurashi SH, Khalil MAM, Mahmood HHK, Alsharif MM, Alqurashi YF, Alghamdi L, Al-Ghamdi RA, Alsaedi ZA, Cruz AJD, Aboasamh GA, Sadagah NM. Immunologic clustering of donor-specific antibodies and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. World J Transplant 2026; 16(2): 118450 [PMID: 42281880 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v16.i2.118450]

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