Green transplant: A scoping review of sustainability challenges and opportunities in transplantation

Table 1 Summary of reported carbon footprint in transplantation

Ref.	Country	Transplantation step	Type of organ	Emissions per procedure
De Simone et al[18]	Italy	Transplantation surgery (including back-table procedure)	Liver	309.8 kg CO2e
Garcia Sanchez et al[13]	Worldwide1	Hospital stay, patient & organ transportation, transplantation surgery	Kidney (living donor)	335.6-789.9 kg CO2e
Garcia Sanchez et al[13]	Worldwide1	Hospital stay, patient & organ transportation, transplantation surgery	Kidney (dead donor)	424.2-2022.3 kg CO2e
Robinson Smith et al[21]	United Kingdom	Preoperative assessment (3-day inpatient stay)	Liver	618 kg CO2e
Wall et al[22]	United States	Organ acquisition	Liver	5000 kg CO2 (per charter jet flight)
Udayaraj et al[23]	United Kingdom	Follow-up (transportation to and from medical center)	Kidney	10.67 kg CO2 (per visit)

¹Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Spain, United Kingdom and United States.

CO₂e: Carbon dioxide equivalent.