Chronic kidney disease at one year after liver transplantation: Role of changes in immunosuppression over three decades

Table 5 Patients treated with tacrolimus classified according to whether they developed renal dysfunction at 1 year, n (%)/median (25^th-75^th percentiles)

Variables	Patients with RD at 1 year, (n = 149)	Patients without RD at 1 year, (n = 226)	P value
Pre-transplant variables
Age in years	57.41 (50.18-62.81)	53.28 (47.29-59.05)	< 0.001
Female sex	51 (34.2)	45 (19.9)	0.003
HTN	33 (22.1)	34 (15)	0.101
DM	33 (22.1)	50 (22.1)	0.978
BMI (kg/m2)	25.08 (22.96-27.99)	26.3 (23.51-29)	0.024
LT indication			0.063
Cirrhosis without tumor	89 (59.7)	131 (58)
HCC	45 (30.2)	87 (38.5)
AFH	4 (2.7)	3 (1.3)
Other	9 (6)	3 (1.3)
Other tumors	2 (1.3)	3 (1.3)
Child-Pugh			0.112
A	21 (14.1)	54 (23.9)
B	65 (43.6)	90 (39.8)
C	48 (32.2)	72 (31.8)
No cirrhosis	15 (10)	11 (4.9)
Pre-transplant RD	38 (26)	26 (11.5)	< 0.001
Post-transplant variables
Immunosuppression
Steroids	82 (55)	97 (42.9)	0.026
MPA	82 (55)	154 (68.1)	0.016
BAX	85 (57)	153 (67.7)	0.054
Tac levels (ng/mL)
At 1 month	8.7 (6.0-11.5)	8.1 (6.3-11.0)	0.596
At 6 months	8.5 (6.0-11.5)	7.9 (6.0-10.3)	0.716
At 1 year	7.3 (5.1-9.3)	6.7 (5.5-9.1)	0.876
HTN at 6 months	49 (34.3)	62 (27.4)	0.243
DM at 6 months	56 (37.6)	71 (31.4)	0.25
Renal dysfunction
At 1 month	75 (51.7)	47 (20.8)	< 0.001
At 6 months	110 (74.8)	30 (13.3)	< 0.001

AFH: Acute fulminant hepatitis; BAX: Basiliximab; BMI: Body mass index; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HTN: Arterial hypertension; LT: Liver transplant; MPA: Mycophenolic acid; RD: Renal dysfunction; Tac: Tacrolimus.