Chronic kidney disease at one year after liver transplantation: Role of changes in immunosuppression over three decades

Table 4 Liver transplant recipients classified according to the calcineurin inhibitor received, n (%)/median (25^th-75^th percentiles)

Variables	CsA group 1987-1998, (n = 219)	Tac group 1999-2019, (n = 375)	P value
Pre-transplant variables
Age in years	47.83 (38.27-56)	55.18 (48.2-60.45)	< 0.001
Female sex	78 (35.6)	96 (25.6)	0.011
HTN	11 (5)	67 (17.9)	< 0.001
DM	23 (10.5)	83 (22.1)	0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	24.34 (22.32-26.67)	25.89 (23.04-28.71)	< 0.001
LT indication			< 0.001
Cirrhosis without tumor	190 (86.8)	220 (58.7)
HCC	17 (7.8)	132 (35.2)
AFH	3 (1.4)	7 (1.9)
Other	3 (1.4)	12 (3.2)
Other tumors	5 (2.3)	5 (1.3)
Child-Pugh			< 0.001
A	16 (7.3)	75 (20)
B	122 (56)	155 (41.3)
C	69 (31.5)	120 (32)
No cirrhosis	11 (5)	26 (6.9)
Pre-transplant RD	39 (17.8)	66 (17.6)	0.917
Post-transplant variables
Immunosuppression
Steroids	218 (100)	179 (47.7)	< 0.001
AZA	141 (64.8)	17 (4.5)	< 0.001
MPA	7 (3.2)	236 (62.9)	< 0.001
BAX	6 (2.7)	240 (64)	< 0.001
HTN at 6 months	91 (41.6)	111 (29.6)	0.005
DM at 6 months	48 (21.9)	127 (33.9)	0.003
Renal dysfunction
At 1 month	92 (42)	126 (33.6)	0.045
At 6 months	121 (55.3)	149 (37.7)	< 0.001
CKD at 1 year	141 (64.4)	149 (39.7)	< 0.001

AFH: Acute fulminant hepatitis; AZA: Azathioprine; BAX: Basiliximab; BMI: Body mass index; CsA: Cyclosporine A; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HTN: Arterial hypertension; LT: Liver transplant; MPA: Mycophenolic acid; RD: Renal dysfunction; Tac: Tacrolimus.