Outcomes and complications of combined heart-liver transplantation in patients with failing Fontan physiology: A systematic review

Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of studies and combined heart-liver transplantation patients included in the systematic review, median (range)/mean ± SD

Ref.	Year	Country	Study design	Population (n)	Age (years)	Male (n/N)	Female (n/N)	Albumin levels (g/dL)	Gastroesophageal Varices on EGD/CT scan (n/N)	Ascites (n/N)	Wedge Hepatic Venous Pressure (mmHg)	MELD score	Pre- biopsy
													Stage 1 Perivascular fibrosis	Stage 2 Bridging fibrosis	Stage 3 Nodules	Stage 4 Cirrhosis
Vaikunth et al[19]	2024	United States	Retrospective Cohort	40	30.85 (14.2–49.5)	19/40	21/40	4.05 (1.8–5)	5/40	11/40	14 (6–22)	11 (7–26)	N/A	29/33	N/A	N/A
Vaikunth et al[20]	2019	United States	Retrospective cohort	9	20.7 (14.2–41.3)	3/9	6/9	3.4 (2.2–4.5)	N/A	N/A	N/A	10 (7–26)	0	9/9	0	0
Wu et al[18]	2024	United States	Retrospective cohort	11	37.0 (30.0–48.0)	7/11	4/11	3.6 (2.9–4.1)	6/11	9/11	16.0 (14.0–20.0)	13.0 (9.4–15.4)	1/11	3/11	1/11	2/11
Sganga et al[21]	2021	United States	Retrospective cohort	9	19 (16, 21)	3/9	6/9	4 (3.5–4.2)	6/9	8/9	17 (14, 18)	10 (9, 11)	1/9	2/9	3/9	N/A
D’Souza et al[10]	2016	United States	Retrospective cohort	7	36.8 (27.3–41.7)	4/7	3/7	3.0 (1.6–4.4)	3/7	5/7	16.0 (12.0–28.0)	6.8 (0.6–18.5)	N/A	N/A	4/7	2/7
Reardon et al[22]	2018	United States	Retrospective cohort	5	29.5 (5.37–53.63)	N/A	N/A	4 (2.5–5)	N/A	N/A	18 (15–23)	13.5 (9.4–22.9)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Lewis et al[34]	2023	United States and Canada	Retrospective cohort	40	33 ± 7.7	N/A	N/A	3.7 ± 0.9	14/40	29/40	N/A	10.1 ± 6.3	N/A	N/A	N/A	34/40

MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; N/A: Not applicable.