Utility and limitations of the use of donor-derived cell-free DNA in kidney transplantation

Table 7 Patients with donor-derived cell-free DNA > 0.5% were at increased risk of recurrent rejection, donor-specific antibodies detection, and estimated glomerular filtration rate decline over the following 3-6 months

Characteristics	Statistics	Low (dd-cfDNA < 0.5%)	High (dd-cfDNA > 0.5%)	P value
dd-cfDNA value (%)	Mean (SD)	0.25 (0.087)	1.76 (1.40)	-
	Median	0.21 (0.19-0.29)	1.40 (0.87-2.02)	-
	Min, max	0.19, 0.49	0.52, 2.02	-
Change in eGFR (%)	Mean (SD)	-0.40 (18.149)	-0.84 (11.98)	0.0040
	Median	0.00 (-0.92, 4.76)	-7.50 (-16.22, -1.39)	-
	Min, max	-70.73, 33.33	-37.50, 32.65	-
Presence of DSAs, n (%)	-	1/37 (2.7)	17/42 (40.5)	< 0.0001
Recurrent rejection, n (%)	-	0/37 (0.0)	9/42 (21.4)	0.0028

dd-cfDNA: Donor-derived cell-free DNA; DSA: Donor-specific antibodies; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Min: Minimum; Max: Maximum.