Aortic stenosis in cirrhosis: Pathophysiology and management in the context of liver transplantation

Table 1 Transcatheter aortic valve replacement as a bridge to liver transplant: Summary of published cases

Ref.	Case description	Outcome
Silvestre et al[51], 2014	66-year-old male; mean/peak gradient 48/71; MELD 16	No post-TAVR complications; underwent LT 6 months later; no cardiovascular complications at time of LT
Kaafarani et al[53], 2023	63-year-old male; mean/peal gradient: 38.3/67.7; decompensations: Varices, ascites	Post-TAVR stroke like symptoms that self-resolved; successful LT post-TAVR; graft survival > 2 years
Wilkey et al[54], 2016	Severe AS and moderate aortic insufficiency; MELD 29; CTP Class C	Post TAVR complications: Bacteremia and hepato-renal syndrome; still underwent uncomplicated LT one month later
Nemati et al[55], 2008	39-year-old-male with viral hepatitis; decompensations: Severe coagulopathy; CTP Class C	No Post TAVR complications: Successful LT months 2 later
Rejjal et al[56], 2017	56-year-old female; decompensations: Ascites, hepato-renal syndrome; MELD-Na 21	Post-TAVR complications: None; successful LT months 6 later
Kaliamoorthy et al[58], 2020	Patient with bicuspid aortic stenosis; MELD 21	Kiving donors LT 6 months later; no documented complications
Pocar et al[59], 2007	39-year-old male with hydatids liver disease with acute endocarditis; CTP Class C; MELD 26	Post-TAVR complications: Wound infection; successful valve re-replacement following LT
Levy et al[57], 2020	60-year-old male; CTP A, MELD 11; no decompensations	Successful, uncomplicated TAVR; successful LT 6 months later
Levy et al[57], 2020	50-year-old female; CTP B, MELD 19; decompensations: Ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis	Successful LT 6 months later

MELD: Model for end stage liver disease; TAVR: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement; LT: Liver transplantation; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh.