Prophylactic role of tixagevimab/cilgavimab for COVID-19 in newly transplanted kidney recipients: Single-center experience and review of literature

Table 1 Summary of studies on the use of tixagevimab-cilgavimab in solid organ transplant recipients

Ref.	Country	Study design	Intervention	Number of patients	Types of SOTRs	Duration of SOTRs	Age (year)	Female (%)	Outcomes	Conclusions
Al Jurdi et al[11]	United States	Retrospective multicenter	150-150 mg: 90; 300-300 mg: 131	444	Kidney, lung, liver, multi-organ	3.8 years	65 (55-72)	39	Breakthrough: 5%; hospitalization: 1; death: 0	Lower breakthrough infection in higher dose group; well tolerated in kidney and lung recipients
Sanayei et al[17]	United States	Prospective single center	Dose not specified	323	Liver, kidney, pancreas	7 years	61.5 (10.5)	35.5	Breakthrough: 10.5%; hospitalization: 2; death: NA	Pre-exposure prophylaxis reduced infection; no significant mortality difference
Bravo González-Blas et al[18]	Spain	Prospective cohort	150-150 mg	55	Kidney only	9 years	67.8 (10)	51	Breakthrough: 12.7%; hospitalization: 1; death: 1	Safe and efficacious in immunocompromised kidney recipients
Ordaya et al[19]	United States	Retrospective multicenter	300-300 mg (92.6%), 150-150 mg (7.4%)	163	Heart, heart/lung, heart + abdomen	2.5 years	61 (48-69)	34.4	Breakthrough: 14.7%; hospitalization: 1; death: 0	Well tolerated; tacrolimus users more prone to infection
Angelico et al[20]	Italy	Single-center observational	All received Tix-cil	306	Kidney: 197; liver: 109	5.2 years	Kidney: 57.5	Kidney: 41.1	Breakthrough: 22.9%; hospitalization: 8; death: 0	Safe and effective in kidney recipients; comparable to protective antibody titres
Morado et al[21]	United States	Retrospective single-center	300-300 mg (93.3%), 150-150 mg (6.7%)	90	Kidney, lung, liver, heart	94 days	50.2 (14.5)	48.9	Breakthrough: 6.7%; hospitalization: 0; death: 0	Lower infection rate in Tix-cil group; well tolerated during Omicron
Alejo et al[22]	United States	Prospective observational study	150-150 mg (48%), 300-300 mg (52%)	392	Kidney, liver, lung, heart and multi-organ	150-150 mg: 4.7 years, 300-300 mg: 6.75 years	64	58.2	Breakthrough: 9.2%; hospitalization: 0.5%	Well-tolerated and improvement in patient reported outcomes
Sindu et al[14]	United States	Retrospective single center	300-300 mg (37.1%)	546	Lung	2.1 years	67.5 (59.6-73.9)	39	Breakthrough: 16.3%; hospitalization: 6.04%; death: 2.2%	Moderate effectiveness in lung transplant recipients
Jordan et al[23]	United States	Prospective single center	Tix-cil (41.8%)	911	Kidney, heart, lung, lover, multi-organ	Not reported	60.53 (13.5)	41.9	Breakthrough: 35.6%; hospitalization: 2.9%; death: 0	Reduction in breakthrough infections
Benotmane et al[10]	France, Europe	Retrospective single center	124 (100%)	124	Kidney	5.5 years	55	34.7	Breakthrough: 91.1%; hospitalization: 12.9%; death: 2.42%	Early administration of prophylaxis in high-risk kidney transplant patients associated with favorable outcomes
Kaminski et al[8]	France, Europe	Retrospective single center	77.42%	430	Kidney	8.2 years	59.2	37.9	Breakthrough: 19.3%; hospitalization: 3.5%; death: 0.7%	Significant reduction in infections and hospitalizations with a dose dependent benefit
Abraham et al[24]	United States	Retrospective single center	100%	481	Kidney, liver, heart, lung, multi-organ	19 months	58.8	35.1	Hospitalization: 5.4%; death: 1.6%	Reduced hospitalizations and severity of infections
Al Jurdi et al[25]	United States	Retrospective multicenter	50%	1266	Kidney, lung, heart, liver, multi-organ	4.6 years	63.5	38.3	Breakthrough: 11.2%; hospitalization: 1.2%; death: 0	Tix-cil not associated with significant reduction of outcomes in BA.5 period
Sindu et al[26]	United States	Retrospective single center	12.3%	195	Lung	3.3 years	66.6	41.5	Hospitalization: 57.9%; death: 24.1%	Less virulent omicron strain associated with poorer outcomes in elderly; No significant reduction of adverse outcomes with Tix-cil

Tix-cil: Tixagevimab-cilgavimab; SOTRs: Solid organ transplant recipients.