Comparison of ChatGPT-3.5 and GPT-4 as potential tools in artificial intelligence-assisted clinical practice in renal and liver transplantation

doi:10.5500/wjt.v15.i3.103536

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World Journal of Transplantation

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2220-3230

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Transplant. Sep 18, 2025; 15(3): 103536
Published online Sep 18, 2025. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v15.i3.103536

Table 2 Overall GPT-4 performance in assigning context labels in virtual cases across 294 virtual cases, highlighting agreement with predefined labels, n (%)

Actual label	Assigned label, GI	Assigned label, diagnosis	Assigned label, DD	Assigned label, treatment	Assigned label, prognosis	Assigned label, total
GI	42 (14.29)	14 (4.76)	1 (0.34)	20 (6.8)	1 (0.34)	78 (26.53)
Diagnosis	2 (0.68)	44 (14.97)	1 (0.34)	1 (0.34)	0 (0)	48 (16.33)
DD	0 (0)	15 (5.1)	5 (1.7)	2 (0.68)	0 (0)	22 (7.48)
Treatment	5 (1.7)	7 (2.38)	1 (0.34)	73 (24.83)	0 (0)	86 (29.25)
Prognosis	10 (3.4)	11 (3.74)	5 (1.7)	7 (2.38)	27 (9.18)	60 (20.41)
Total	59 (207)	91 (30.95)	13 (4.42)	103 (353)	28 (9.52)	294 (100)

DD: Differential diagnosis; GI: General information.

Citation: Christou CD, Sitsiani O, Boutos P, Katsanos G, Papadakis G, Tefas A, Papalois V, Tsoulfas G. Comparison of ChatGPT-3.5 and GPT-4 as potential tools in artificial intelligence-assisted clinical practice in renal and liver transplantation. World J Transplant 2025; 15(3): 103536
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3230/full/v15/i3/103536.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v15.i3.103536