Characteristics and outcomes of Bahraini pediatric patients sent abroad for bone marrow transplantation: A ten-year retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Complications after first and second bone marrow transplantation, n (%)

Complications2	Total BMTs, n = 64/68 (94.1)	Allogeneic, n = 51/52 (79.7)	Autologous, n = 13/15 (86.7)	P value1
Infectious
URTI	36 (56.3)	31 (60.8)	5 (38.5)	0.086
CMV reactivation	16 (25.0)	15 (29.4)	1 (7.7)	0.095
Gastroenteritis	16 (25.0)	12 (23.5)	4 (30.8)	0.743
Sepsis	14 (21.9)	12 (23.5)	2 (15.4)	0.719
Colitis	11 (17.2)	8 (15.7)	3 (23.1)	0.699
Cytokine release syndrome	9 (14.1)	9 (17.7)	0 (0.0)	0.191
Conjunctivitis	9 (14.1)	7 (13.7)	2 (15.4)	1.000
Coronavirus	7 (10.9)	6 (11.8)	1 (7.7)	1.000
Otitis media	7 (10.9)	4 (7.8)	3 (23.1)	0.181
Tonsilitis	6 (9.4)	5 (9.8)	1 (7.7)	1.000
BK virus-induced hemorrhagic cystitis	6 (9.4)	6 (11.8)	0 (0.0)	0.325
Epstein-Barr virus reactivation	5 (7.8)	5 (9.8)	0 (0.0)	0.580
Pneumonia	5 (7.8)	3 (5.9)	2 (15.4)	0.310
Viral warts	5 (7.8)	4 (7.8)	1 (7.7)	1.000
Otitis externa	4 (6.3)	3 (5.9)	1 (7.7)	1.000
Adenovirus reactivation	4 (6.3)	3 (5.9)	1 (7.7)	1.000
Sinusitis	4 (6.3)	4 (7.8)	0 (0.0)	0.568
Cellulitis	3 (4.7)	3 (5.9)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Chronic gingivitis	3 (4.7)	3 (5.9)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Acute gingivitis	3 (4.7)	3 (5.9)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Herpes zoster	3 (4.7)	2 (3.9)	1 (7.7)	0.539
Others3	39 (60.9)	35 (68.6)	4 (30.8)	0.007
Non-infectious
Mucositis	37 (57.8)	29 (56.9)	8 (61.5)	1.000
Acute GvHD	20 (31.3)	20 (39.2)	0 (0.0)	0.003
Neutropenia	20 (31.3)	12 (23.5)	8 (61.5)	0.051
Disease relapse	18 (28.1)	11 (21.6)	7 (53.8)	0.094
Chronic GvHD	12 (18.8)	12 (23.5)	0 (0.0)	0.055
Skin rash	9 (14.1)	9 (17.7)	0 (0.0)	0.191
Unspecified skin changes/disorder	9 (14.1)	8 (15.7)	1 (7.7)	0.671
Gastritis	9 (14.1)	8 (15.7)	1 (7.7)	0.671
Acute kidney injury	8 (12.5)	8 (15.7)	0 (0.0)	0.183
Electrolyte imbalance	7 (10.9)	5 (9.8)	2 (15.4)	0.649
Dental caries	7 (10.9)	7 (13.7)	0 (0.0)	0.335
New malignancy	5 (7.8)	4 (7.8)	1 (7.7)	1.000
Leukopenia	4 (6.3)	4 (7.8)	0 (0.0)	0.568
Thrombocytopenia	4 (6.3)	4 (7.8)	0 (0.0)	0.568
Impetigo	4 (6.3)	4 (7.8)	0 (0.0)	0.568
Amenorrhea	3 (4.7)	3 (5.9)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Appendicitis	3 (4.7)	3 (5.9)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Cushing’s syndrome	3 (4.7)	2 (3.9)	1 (7.7)	0.539
Short stature	3 (4.7)	3 (5.9)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Allergic rhinitis	3 (4.7)	1 (1.9)	2 (15.4)	0.123
Hypertension	3 (4.7)	3 (5.9)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Recurrent oral aphthae	3 (4.7)	2 (3.9)	1 (7.7)	0.539
Others4	61 (95.3)	48 (94.1)	13 (100.0)	0.609

¹Fisher’s exact test.

²Some patients developed more than one complication. Data are presented as numbers and percentages.

³Supplementary Table 3.

⁴Supplementary Table 4.

BMTs: Bone marrow transplantation; URTI: Upper respiratory tract infection; CMV: Cytomegalovirus; GvHD: Graft-versus-host disease.