Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Psychiatr. Sep 22, 2015; 5(3): 342-351
Published online Sep 22, 2015. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v5.i3.342
Table 1 Main sampling and methodological aspects of studies included in this review
Ref.CountryYearSample typeN (/)Age (mean)Stimuli/color/presentationEmotionsStimuli presentation timeOutcome variable
Gitter et al[8]United States1972U160 (NA/NA)NADS/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SDNAAc
Zuckerman et al[9]United States1975U101 (64/37)NADS/ color/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD2 sAc
Fujita et al[10]United States1980U24 (12/12)NADS/ BW/staticH, D, S, SD10 sAc
Kirouac et al[11]Canada1983U34 (16/18)NAEkman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD10 sAc
Babchuk et al[12]United States1985U40 (20/20)25.65Dr Carroll Izard/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, SDNo limitAc, L
Kirouac et al[13]Canada1985GP300 (150/150)26.20Ekman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD10 sAc
Mandal et al[14]India1985U150 (75/75)26.50Ekman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD0.25 s, 0.5 s, 1 sAc
Wagner et al[15]England1986U53 (15/38)21.50DS/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD5 sAc
Nowicki et al[16]United States1987U107 (49/58)NAEkman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD0.06 sAc
Rotter et al[17]United States1988U(1) 679 (241/438) (2) 399 (162/237)(1) 20.00 (2) NADS/ Color/staticF, D, A, SDNAAc
Mufson et al[18]United States1991U275 (105/170)NAEkman-Friesen/ BW/StaticH, F, D, A, S, SD0.05 sAc
Erwin et al[19]United States1992GP(1) 39 (24/15) (2) 20 (10/10)31.80DS/ BW/staticH, SD7 sAc
Duhaney et al[20]United States1993U30 (15/15)NAEkman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD10 sAc, I
Hess et al[21]Canada1997U24 (12/12)18.97Matsumoto-Ekman/ BW/dynamicH, D, A, SD5 sAc
Thayer et al[22]Norway2000U44 (16/28)23Ekman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, D, F, A, S, SD6 sAc
Oyuela-Vargas et al[23]Colombia2003U60 (30/30)21.5Ekman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, A, SD2 sAc, L
Grimshaw et al[24]United States and Canada2004U73 (36/37)NAEkman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, F, A, SD0.05 sAc, L
Hall et al[25]United States2004U(1) 96 (69/27) (2) 363 (126/237)NAMatsumoto-Ekman/BW/ static and dynamicH, F, D, A, S, SD10 s/0.20 s (maximum)Ac
Rahman et al[26]England2004GP240 (120/120)29Ekman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, SDNo limitAc, L
Palermo et al[27]Australia2004GP24 (12/12)24.5Ekman-Friesen; Gur et al[51] NimStim; Watson; Mazurski-bond/ BW/staticH, F, D, A, S, SDNo limitAc, L
Montagne et al[28]The Netherlands2005U68 (28/40)22.45DS/ BW/dynamicH, F, D, A, S, SDNAAc, I
Biele et al[29]Poland2006U38 (14/24)22MSFDE/ BW/dynamic and staticH, A1.5 s (static and dynamic)I
Hampson et al[30]Canada2006U62 (31/31)20.77Ekman-Friesen/ BW/dynamicH, F, D, A, SDNo limitAc, L
Williams et al[31]Australia2009GP728 (329/339)20-91Gur et al[51]/ Color/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD2 sAc, L
Collignon et al[32]Canada2010U46 (23/23)24.8DS Color/dynamicF, D0.5 sAc
Hoffmann et al[33]Germany2010U(1) 133 (58/75) (2) 186 (70/116)22Matsumoto-Ekman/ color/staticH, F, D, A, S, SD,0.3 sAc, I
Scherer et al[34]Switzerland2011(1) GP/ (2) U(1) 7158 (5358/1800) (2) 72 (9/63)NA(1) Ekman-Friesen, BW static (2) DS/BW/dynamic(1): H, F, D, A, SD/(2): H, D, SD(1) 3 s/(2): NAAc
Donges et al[35]Germany2012GP81 (28/53)25.25Facial Emotion Discrimination Test/ BW/staticH, SD0.033 sAc, L
Weisenbach et al[36]United States2012GP138 (75/63)32.91Ekman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, F, A, SD0.3 sAc
Pinto et al[37]Brazil2013U120 (60/60)NAEkman-Friesen/ BW/dynamicH, F, D, A, S, SD0.5 sAc
Wang[38]China2013U93 (48/45)18.81Ekman-Friesen/ BW/staticH, A2 sAc
Kessels et al[39]Norway, Australia, Ireland and Germany2013GP210 (85/125)18-75ERT/ BW/dynamicH, F, D, A, S, SDNAAc