Interpersonal distances, coping strategies and psychopathology in patients with depression and schizophrenia

Table 1 Basic characteristics of patients and controls

Characteristics	Depressiongroup (n = 70)	Schizophreniagroup (n = 51)	Controlgroup (n = 61)	Significancetest
Gender
Male	29 (41.4)	36 (70.6)	30 (49.2)	χ2 = 9.1, df = 2, P = 0.01
Female	41 (58.6)	15 (29.4)	31 (50.8)
Age (yr)	37.4 ± 13.4	33.8 ± 10.5	35.7 ± 11.3	F = 1.09, df = 129, P = 0.27
Marital status
Single	34 (48.6)	40 (78.4)	24 (39.3)	χ2 = 19.1, df = 4, P < 0.001
Married	26 (37.1)	6 (11.8)	31 (50.8)
Divorced/separated/widowed	10 (14.3)	5 (9.8)	6 (9.8)
Schooling (yr)	13.4 ± 1.7	11.2 ± 3.0	14.1 ± 2.3	F = 1.96, df = 129, P < 0.05
Age at onset (yr, range)	35.5 ± 13.6 (15-39)	25.3 ± 9.4 (14-29)	--	t = 4.61, df = 119, P < 0.01
Duration of disorder (mo, range)	12.8 ± 7.7 (1-36)	28.0 ± 13.4 (6-131)	--	--
Depressive symptoms1	13.3 ± 5.7	--	1.2 ± 1.9	t = 15.82, df = 129, P < 0.001
PANSS2 total score	--	54.5 ± 18.5	--	--
Positive syndrome	--	11.0 ± 5.5	--	--
Negative syndrome	--	15.8 ± 7.9	--	--
General psychopathology	--	27.6 ± 9.6	--	--

¹Beck depression inventory- short form (Beck et al[47]);

²Positive and negative syndrome scale (Kay et al[48]). Data are expressed as n (%) and mean ± SD.