Anxiety-depression comorbidity prevalence in type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlation with insulin resistance

doi:10.5498/wjp.119917

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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World J Psychiatry. Sep 19, 2026; 16(9): 119917
Published online Sep 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.119917

Table 5 Comparison of islet function indices

	T2DM group (n = 40)	T2DM + anxiety group (n = 58)	T2DM + depression group (n = 52)	T2DM + anxiety-depression group (n = 47)	F	P value
FINS (mIU/L)	7.48 ± 2.25	8.36 ± 2.34	8.42 ± 2.87	10.36 ± 2.25^a^,^b^,^c	11.00	< 0.0001
FCP (nmol/L)	0.62 ± 0.16	0.94 ± 0.20^a	0.89 ± 0.25^a	0.91 ± 0.30^a	17.19	< 0.0001
HOMA-IR	3.43 ± 1.74	3.96 ± 1.85	4.07 ± 1.91	5.46 ± 2.08^a^,^b^,^c	9.392	< 0.0001
HOMA-β	27.06 ± 13.20	28.29 ± 12.94	25.62 ± 9.91	28.87 ± 12.04	0.726	0.538
HOMA-IS	0.37 ± 0.17	0.31 ± 0.14	0.31 ± 0.16	0.21 ± 0.09^a^,^b^,^c	9.648	< 0.0001

^aP < 0.05 vs type 2 diabetes mellitus group.

^bP < 0.05 vs type 2 diabetes mellitus + anxiety group.

^cP < 0.05 vs type 2 diabetes mellitus + depression group.

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; FINS: Fasting insulin; FCP: Fasting C-peptide; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-IS: Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin sensitivity.

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Citation: Wu CC, Sun WH, Yang QQ, Xue L, Zhao WD. Anxiety-depression comorbidity prevalence in type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlation with insulin resistance. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(9): 119917
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i9/119917.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.119917

Wu CC, Sun WH, Yang QQ, Xue L, Zhao WD. Anxiety-depression comorbidity prevalence in type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlation with insulin resistance. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(9): 119917 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.119917]

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