Neurobiological mechanisms and clinical implications of scene perception impairment in schizophrenia

Table 5 Mechanism-based translational research directions and future priority research topics

Ref.	Directions	Existing evidence	Practical implications	Level of evidence
[30]	Visual restoration	Contrast processing repair improves low-level visual performance in patients with schizophrenia	This is a promising entry point, but the transfer to real-world scene understanding still needs to be demonstrated	Preliminary clinical trials
[31-33]	Based on VR and social cognitive intervention	Early VR studies have shown the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of theory of mind and social cognitive training	It can be used in ecological task design and may be used in scenario-based rehabilitation	Pilot study
[34-36]	Biomarker-guided stratification	Multimodal image classifiers and eye movement markers can distinguish patients and index active visual sampling abnormalities	It may help to identify subgroups and personalize intervention targets	Studies of biomarkers
[37]	Ecological assessment	Smartphones and game-based assessment/intervention approaches are moving beyond the clinic	Encourage measurement of real-world outcomes, not symptom-based endpoints alone	Review points
[10-15,21,22]	Future research priorities	Need longitudinal modal design, better defined scenarios, and stronger structure-function analysis	Will clarify period, reactive mechanism, and therapy	Comprehensive synthesis

VR: Virtual reality.