Anxiety and depression in Rome IV disorders of gut–brain interaction: Prevalence, clinical impact, and temporal association

Figure 4 Temporal sequencing of disorder of gut-brain interaction and psychological comorbidity. A: Difference between duration of disorder of gut-brain interaction and anxiety symptoms; negative values indicate gut-first onset, positive values indicate anxiety-first onset, and zero indicates concurrent onset; B: Difference between duration of disorder of gut-brain interaction and depressive symptoms using the same convention, demonstrating a predominance of gut-first sequencing. DGBI: Disorder of gut-brain interaction.