Perioperative psychological support in the operating room improves anxiety, depression, and recovery in orthopedic patients

doi:10.5498/wjp.118942

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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World J Psychiatry. Aug 19, 2026; 16(8): 118942
Published online Aug 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.118942

Table 9 Multivariate analysis of influencing factors of anxiety and depression in patients

Variables	β	SE	χ²	P value	OR	95%CI
Age	0.085	0.041	4.395	0.036	1.089	1.006-1.179
Education level (high school and above)				-	1	-
Junior high school	1.189	0.711	2.798	0.094	3.285	0.815-13.240
Primary school and below	1.484	0.694	4.572	0.032	4.410	1.132-17.185
Attendant	1.182	0.520	5.155	0.023	3.260	1.175-9.042
Type of surgery (small/minimally invasive surgery)				-	1	-
Medium-sized surgery	1.246	0.743	2.814	0.093	3.478	0.811-14.919
Major/open surgery	2.249	0.755	8.872	0.003	9.475	2.158-41.611
Nursing intervention	-1.379	0.476	8.410	0.004	0.252	0.099-0.639
Constant	-8.516	2.761	9.511	-	-	-

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

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Citation: Yuan Y, Liu L, Li WX, Xu L, Chen ZX, Zhang JJ. Perioperative psychological support in the operating room improves anxiety, depression, and recovery in orthopedic patients. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(8): 118942
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i8/118942.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.118942

Yuan Y, Liu L, Li WX, Xu L, Chen ZX, Zhang JJ. Perioperative psychological support in the operating room improves anxiety, depression, and recovery in orthopedic patients. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(8): 118942 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.118942]

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