Perioperative psychological support in the operating room improves anxiety, depression, and recovery in orthopedic patients

doi:10.5498/wjp.118942

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Aug 19, 2026; 16(8): 118942
Published online Aug 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.118942

Table 7 Univariate analysis of influencing patients’ postoperative anxiety and depression, n (%)

Clinical data	Total	Anxiety and depression group (n = 38)	Non-anxiety and depression group (n = 112)	χ²/t	P value
Gender				0.556	0.456
Male	87 (58.00)	24 (27.59)	63 (72.41)
Female	63 (42.00)	14 (22.22)	49 (77.78)
Age (years)	60.56 ± 5.96	62.84 ± 5.85	59.79 ± 5.82	2.793	0.006
Education level				8.256	0.016
Primary school and below	59 (39.33)	21 (35.59)	38 (64.41)
Junior high school	51 (34.00)	13 (25.49)	38 (74.51)
High school and above	40 (26.67)	4 (10.00)	36 (90.00)
Attendant				9.19	0.002
Relatives	126 (84.00)	26 (20.63)	100 (79.37)
Non-relatives¹	24 (16.00)	12 (50.00)	12 (50.00)
Average monthly income (Yuan)				0.364	0.546
≤ 5000	93 (62.00)	22 (23.66)	71 (76.34)
> 5000	57 (38.00)	16 (28.07)	41 (71.93)
Smoking				0.224	0.636
Have	44 (29.33)	10 (22.73)	34 (77.27)
No	106 (70.67)	28 (26.42)	78 (73.58)
Drinking				0.000	0.996
Have	71 (47.33)	18 (25.35)	53 (74.65)
No	79 (52.67)	20 (25.32)	59 (74.68)
T2DM				3.802	0.051
Have	51 (34.00)	8 (15.69)	43 (84.31)
No	99 (66.00)	30 (30.30)	69 (69.70)
Hypertension				0.552	0.457
Have	33 (22.00)	10 (30.30)	23 (69.70)
No	117 (78.00)	28 (23.93)	89 (76.07)
Cause of injury				2.897	0.089
Acute traumatic injury	89 (59.33)	27 (30.34)	62 (69.66)
Chronic strain and degenerative diseases	61 (40.67)	11 (18.03)	50 (81.97)
Location of fracture				4.37	0.112
Spinal column	57 (38.00)	16 (28.07)	41 (71.93)
Limbs	59 (39.33)	18 (30.51)	41 (69.49)
Others	34 (22.67)	4 (11.76)	30 (88.24)
Type of surgery				11.308	0.004
Major/open surgery	50 (33.33)	20 (40.00)	30 (60.00)
Medium-sized surgery	64 (42.67)	15 (23.44)	49 (76.56)
Small/minimally invasive surgery	36 (24.00)	3 (8.33)	33 (91.67)
Nursing intervention				6.908	0.009
Control group	75 (50.00)	26 (34.67)	49 (65.33)
Intervention group	75 (50.00)	12 (16.00)	63 (84.00)

¹Includes situations such as being accompanied by a caregiver or not.

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Citation: Yuan Y, Liu L, Li WX, Xu L, Chen ZX, Zhang JJ. Perioperative psychological support in the operating room improves anxiety, depression, and recovery in orthopedic patients. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(8): 118942
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i8/118942.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.118942

Yuan Y, Liu L, Li WX, Xu L, Chen ZX, Zhang JJ. Perioperative psychological support in the operating room improves anxiety, depression, and recovery in orthopedic patients. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(8): 118942 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.118942]

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