Perioperative psychological support in the operating room improves anxiety, depression, and recovery in orthopedic patients

Table 1 Clinical characteristics, n (%)

Clinical data	Control group (n = 75)	Intervention group (n = 75)	χ2/t	P value
Gender			0.684	0.408
Male	41 (54.67)	46 (61.33)
Female	34 (45.33)	29 (38.67)
Age (years)	61.17 ± 5.96	59.95 ± 5.94	1.263	0.209
Education level			0.329	0.848
Primary school and below	28 (37.33)	31 (41.33)
Junior high school	27 (36.00)	24 (32.00)
High school and above	20 (26.67)	20 (26.67)
Attendant			0.794	0.373
Relatives	61 (81.33)	65 (86.67)
Non-relatives1	14 (18.67)	10 (13.33)
Average monthly income (Yuan)			0.707	0.4
≤ 5000	49 (65.33)	44 (58.67)
> 5000	26 (34.67)	31 (41.33)
Smoking			0.515	0.473
Have	24 (32.00)	20 (26.67)
No	51 (68.00)	55 (73.33)
Drinking			1.31	0.252
Have	39 (52.00)	32 (42.67)
No	36 (48.00)	43 (57.33)
T2DM			0.743	0.389
Have	28 (37.33)	23 (30.67)
No	47 (62.67)	52 (69.33)
Hypertension			0.35	0.554
Have	15 (20.00)	18 (24.00)
No	60 (80.00)	57 (76.00)
Cause of injury			0.249	0.618
Acute traumatic injury	43 (57.33)	46 (61.33)
Chronic strain and degenerative diseases	32 (42.67)	29 (38.67)
Location of fracture			0.926	0.629
Spinal column	26 (34.67)	31 (41.33)
Limbs	30 (40.00)	29 (38.67)
Others	19 (25.33)	15 (20.00)

¹Includes situations such as being accompanied by a caregiver or not.

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.