Watson caring theory-based encouragement interventions for pain and anxiety in stage III-IV pressure ulcer patients

Table 4 Comparison of Visual Analogue Scale score, Braden score and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale score between the two groups before and after intervention, mean ± SD

Index	Time point	Control group (n = 78)	Study group (n = 78)	t value between groups	P value
VAS score	Before intervention	7.82 ± 1.25	7.76 ± 1.31	0.293	0.770
	After 4 weeks of intervention	5.23 ± 1.08	3.15 ± 0.96	12.714	< 0.001
	After 8 weeks of intervention	3.18 ± 0.87	1.56 ± 0.72	12.666	< 0.001
Braden score	Before intervention	12.35 ± 1.87	12.28 ± 1.93	0.230	0.818
	After 4 weeks of intervention	14.52 ± 1.65	16.87 ± 1.52	-9.256	< 0.001
	After 8 weeks of intervention	16.23 ± 1.48	18.56 ± 1.37	-10.206	< 0.001
SAS score	Before intervention	65.32 ± 7.85	64.87 ± 8.02	0.354	0.724
	After 4 weeks of intervention	52.15 ± 6.93	40.23 ± 6.15	11.364	< 0.001
	After 8 weeks of intervention	45.68 ± 6.32	35.12 ± 5.87	10.816	< 0.001

VAS: Visual Analogue Scale; SAS: Self-Rating Anxiety Scale.