Effect of apple phenols on anxiety/depression in a rat model of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Figure 4 Comparison of the expression of inflammatory factors in serum, lung tissue, and frontal lobe tissue homogenate of rats in different groups. A-D: Inflammatory factors in serum; E-H: Inflammatory factors in lung tissue; I-L: Inflammatory factors in prefrontal lobe tissue of the brain. ^aP < 0.01 vs control group, ^bP < 0.05 vs model group, ^cP < 0.01 vs model group, ^dP < 0.05 vs low-dose apple polyphenols (AP), ^eP < 0.05 vs middle-dose AP,^fP < 0.05 vs high-dose AP. AP-L: Low-dose apple polyphenols; AP-M: Middle-dose apple polyphenols; AP-H: High-dose apple polyphenols; AP-H + mcc950: High-dose apple polyphenols + NOD-like receptor protein 3 inhibitor; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IL: Interleukin.