Infertility, social pressure, and mental health: An empirical study based on a reproductive sociology framework

Table 8 Risk profile analysis for groups at high risk for psychological distress

Risk profile	n (%)	ISPMHS score, mean ± SD	Distress prevalence	OR (95%CI)
Lowest risk
Men, secondary, < 2 years, low family pressure	85 (7.1)	2.43 ± 0.52	18.3%	1.00 (reference)
Moderate risk
Men, primary, 2-4 years, moderate pressure	161 (13.4)	3.12 ± 0.61	42.5%	3.31 (2.14-5.12)
Women, secondary, < 3 years, moderate pressure	214 (17.8)	3.28 ± 0.68	48.9%	4.26 (2.82-6.44)
High risk
Women, primary, 3-5 years, high family pressure	293 (24.4)	3.89 ± 0.73	71.3%	10.84 (7.26-16.18)
Highest risk
Women, primary, 5+ years, high family pressure, low support	107 (8.9)	4.32 ± 0.65	89.3%	38.26 (23.47-62.37)

Odds ratio for clinically significant psychological distress (score ≥ 3.5). CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio; ISPMHS: Infertility Social Pressure and Mental Health Scale.