Correlation between frontal lobe injury severity caused by traumatic brain injury and mental disorders with early prognosis

doi:10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.116354

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Psychiatry. Jun 19, 2026; 16(6): 116354
Published online Jun 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.116354

Table 2 Comparison of scale scores in different severity groups

Group	HAMA	HAMD	PCL-5	MoCA	GOS
Mild	5 (3, 6)	5 (4, 7)	15 (11, 21)	26.99 ± 3.26	4.52 ± 0.76
Moderate	6 (5, 7)^a	6 (5, 8)^a	16 (12, 34)^a	24.39 ± 6.88^a	3.92 ± 0.84^a
Severe	8 (6, 25)^a^,^b	12 (6, 15)^a^,^b	28 (17, 37)^a^,^b	22.83 ± 7.13^a	3.05 ± 1.13^a^,^b
F/H	40.288	28.529	28.560	10.768	45.381
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs mild group.

^bP < 0.05 vs moderate group.

Continuous variables with normal distribution were expressed as means ± SD. Non-normally distributed continuous variables were presented as medians (25^th, 75^th percentiles). HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PCL-5: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5^th Edition; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; GOS: Glasgow Outcome Scale.

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Citation: Bai J, Duan GW, Song Q, Ma TF. Correlation between frontal lobe injury severity caused by traumatic brain injury and mental disorders with early prognosis. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(6): 116354
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v16/i6/116354.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.116354

Bai J, Duan GW, Song Q, Ma TF. Correlation between frontal lobe injury severity caused by traumatic brain injury and mental disorders with early prognosis. World J Psychiatry 2026; 16(6): 116354 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v16.i6.116354]

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