Effect of perioperative psychological nursing on anxiety, depression, and recovery in colorectal cancer surgery: A prospective study

Table 5 Postoperative recovery outcomes, mean ± SD/n (%)

Outcome	Intervention group (n = 71)	Control group (n = 70)	P value
Time to first ambulation (hours)	18.3 ± 4.2	24.7 ± 6.8	< 0.001
Time to first bowel movement (days)	2.6 ± 0.8	3.4 ± 1.2	< 0.001
Length of hospital stay (days)	6.8 ± 1.9	8.4 ± 2.7	< 0.001
Any postoperative complications	12 (16.9)	18 (25.7)	0. 218
Specific complications
Persistent pain requiring intervention	5 (7.0)	13 (18.6)	0.036
Sleep disturbance	9 (12.7)	20 (28.6)	0.012
Wound infection	3 (4.2)	5 (7.1)	0.469
Ileus	2 (2.8)	4 (5.7)	0.431

P values were calculated using independent t-tests for continuous variables and χ² or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables.